Answering Techniques Section B (Science Paper)

1  This section consists of 5 structural questions which give a total of 20 marks.
2  The time suggested for this section is 30 minutes.  This means you have an average of 6 minutes to answer each question.
3  Answer all the questions.  Write your answers in the spaces provided in the paper.
4 This section tests your science process skills. These include:

(a)  Making Inferences
- Using the information given to draw early conclusions and explain events.

(b)  Controlling varibles
-  Naming the manipulated, responding and fixed variables in an investigarion.

(c)  Making hypothesis
-  Making a general statement about the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable in an investigation.

(d)  Interpreting data
- Giving rational explanation about an object, event or pattern observed.

(e)  Predicting
- Making a forecast about what will happen based on the collected data.

You need a lot of practice to do well in this section so, answer all the questions in section B.


Making Inference

• Using information from observations to make reasonable early conclusions.
• Menggunakan data dari pemerhatian untuk membuat penerangan awal.

• Making various possible interpretations from single observation
• Memberikan pelbagai andaian dari pemerhatian tunggal

• Using inferences as a tool to determine the appropriate additional observations.
• Menggunakan inferens sebagai alat untuk mengenalpasti pemerhatian tambahan yang jitu

• Testing the accuracy of inferences through additional observations.
• Menguji ketepatan inferens melalui pemerhatian tambahan

• Give reason to an observation or making an earlier conclusion from what have been observed.
• Memberikan sebab kepada pemerhatian yang telah dibuat

 Type of Inferences

• Logical inference – any reason as long as it is logic.
• Inferens logik- sebarang sebab yang logik

• Comparing – any logical reason but the answer must be in a form of comparing.
• Bandingan – sebarang sebab yang logik dalam bentuk bandingan

• Controlled/exact – only one specific reason is accepted.
• Jitu – hanya satu jawapan sahaja   

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/ MENGAWAL PEMBOLEH UBAH

The Variables/ Pemboleh ubah-pemboleh ubah

1. What to change (wc) / yang berubah

2. What to observe/measure (wm) / yang diukur/ diperhatikan

3. What to keep the same (same)/ yang sama

1. What to observe/measure

   

Thing that is being observed / measured /investigated / recorded / the result of an

      investigation.

2. What to change (tc)

     

Thing that is changed or being manipulated in an investigation and it has an effect on

      thing that is observed.

3.  What to keep the same

    

Thing that is always the same and kept constant in an investigation.